Vacuum condenser



a 6 a Sepfi @927 H. J. NOLTE VACUUM CONDENSE Filed Oct. 8, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheetl Inventor. Henry J Nolte,

His Attorneg.

H. .3. NOLTE VACUUM CONDENSER Filed Oct. 8, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet Inventor". Henrg J. NoHre,

His Attorneg.

Patented Sept. 6, 1 927. I p

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY J. NOL'I'E, OI SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

vacuum commnsnn.

Application filed October 8, 1825. Serial No. 61,868.

My invention relates to condensers, and about, and supported in turn by, the lead 6 more articularly to condensers of the type wire 6. It will be seen that the lead 6 passes in which the electrodes are located within a through the wall of the container 2, the lead vacuum container. being hermetically sealed into the glass. In

It is an object of my invention to provide the construction of the device different a vacuum condenser in which the electrodes metals may be used for the lead, but I find 55 are supported in a novel and effective manthat tungsten or dumet metal are especially ner and which maybe simply constructed well adapted for the purpose. Referring in at comparativel low cost. turn to the ele trode 4, it will be seen that It is also an 0 ject of my invention to prothis electrode is similarly supported by the vide a condenser of the foregoing type in spider arms 7, which are in turn secured by 60 which the elements are adjustable with rethe lead 8. It will be understood, of course, spectto each other and located within a vacthat the construction of the device is the uum container. same at both ends. For the purpose of in- The means bywhich the foregoing ends suring a more substantial and rigid support are accomplished are hereinafter more fully fo th ele t od 3 d 4, th arms 5 d 7 65 set forth and claimed, reference being had ar reinforced by plates 9 and 10 respecto the accompanying drawings in which g. tively. It will be seen that the corners of 1 shows the device of my invention in elevathese plates are folded over. The object of tion; Fig. 2 shows a section of the same dethis arrangement is to make it more convice taken on, line 2-2, Fig. 1; Fig. 3 shows venient to attach the arms to the plates as, 70 a form of the device in which the electrodes for example, by spot welding. are adjustable with respect to each other for Referring to Figs. 11 and 12, it will be varying the capacity of the device; Figs. 4, seen that the structure may be reinforced 5 and 6 show sections of the condenser taken by having the lead 6 support the member 9.

on lines 4-4. 5-5, 6-6, Fig. 3; and Figs. As indicated in Fig. 11, the lead 6 may ex- 75 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 show details of con; tend thru the member 9 for this purpose or struction; it may be secured in any suitable manner Referring more in detail to the drawings, to the member 9; for example, the lead 6 may and in particular to Fig. 1, it will be seen be extended until its strikes the member 9, as

that the device as shown in this figure comindicated in Fig. 12, and in this position the prises an exhausted glass container 2. The two elements 6 and 9 may be spot welded glass for the container may be of any sultto one another. able kind adapted for the purpose, such as The container is provided also with a pair 85 lead glass or such as hard glass. ofbase terminals ll'and 12 and these are Within the container are mounted the connected respectively to the leads 6 and 8. electrodes 3 and 4, which in the form shown It will be seen, therefore, that the device in this figure, are tubular and are so supportas thus constructed constitutes a vacuum ed that one electrode 3 is located within the condenser in which the elements 3 and 4 are other 4. These electrodes are separate from arranged one within the other, and sup each other and the degree of vacuum of the ported by a construction which is simple and intervening space determines the dielectric rigid which may be carried out at a comstrength of such space. I find that the conparatively low cost. I denser may be effectively operated when the Referring in turn to the form of condensdielectric strength of this space is in the or shown in Fig. 3, 1t will be seen that the neighborhood of 8000 volts per mm. Refersupporting elements and. terminal arrangering in particular to the electrode 3, it will 'ment are the same as in F1g. 1. However, be seen that it is held in place by supportin there is a difference 1n the, constructlon of spider arms 5. These arms are dispose the inner electrode. The outer electrode s the same as in Fig. 1, but the ;inner eleoe trode 13 is provided with an opening 14, see Fig. 5, three of the sides 15 of which are indicated in Fig. 3. This opening may be of an suitable dimensions, for example, the angu ar width may be 45, more or less. The longitudinal dimension may be as'much as 90% of the total length of the electrode. Another feature of the electrode 13*is that it is provided with heads 17. These heads serve to support a similar cylinder 18 Within the cylinder 13. The inner cylinder is also provided with an opening 19 similar to the opening 14 and of similar dimensions. The heads 20 of this inner cylinder serve to hold the pins 21 to which heads they are tightly secured. These pins serve as bearings for the cylinder 18 and rotate wlthin suitable openings in the heads 17. Therefore, the cylinder 18 is adapted to rotate within the cylinder 13, the axes of both of which cylinders coincide. On one side the cylinder 18 may be provided with a weight 22 serving to accentuate the unbalanced condition of the cylinder caused by the opening therein.

The object in having the cylinder unbalanced is to enable the device as a whole to be rotated about the pins '21 while the cylinder 18 remains stationary, thus making it possible to vary the capacity of the condenser by moving the opening 14 with respect to the opening 19. As an indicator I provide a pointer 23 secured to the pin 21, Fig. 6, which indicates the relative positions of the two cylinders 13 and 18.

While in Fig. 7 the lead 6 is indicated as solid, in Fig. 8 the lead 22 is shown as larger in size and may be hollow." When the lead is thus constructed I find that it may conveniently consist of nickel or copper. About the element 22 there is soldered an element 23 in the form of a sleeve. The metal of this sleeve may be invar metal. The invar metal may be soldered to the nickel or copper element 22 by any suitable means such as silver solder. The lower rim 24 of the sleeve 23 should be sharp in order that the metal and the glass envelope 25 may be sealed effectively. I find that when this type of construction is used, lead glass is preferable.

Another form of construction is shown in Fig. 9, in which case a chrome iron base 26 is used, the lower rim 26 of which is chamfered and brought to a sharp edge as indicated. The chainfered' edge is allowed to fit over the outside of the glass envelope 27 and both-elements 26 and 27 are sealed to gether. Lead glass is preferably used here also. With this construction the lead 28 may be threaded as indicated and screwed to the inside of the base 26. In place of chrome iron for the base 26 cop er may be used, in which case the form 0? the base is preferably that shown in Fig. 10, and the flange 29 of the base 30 is made rather sharp. In this construction either hard glass or lead glass may be used.

It will be' understood that in the construction of the condenser the glass envelope is cut in two sections somewhere alongthe middle as, for example, along lines 22 or 55, Figs. 1 and 3. The electrodes and base are first mounted in place and after the sealing operation between the glass and the elements the two sections of the envelope are fused or welded together to form a unit as indicated in Figs. 1 and 3 and evacuated.

It will be seen. therefore, that I provide a vacuum condenser the elements of which are supported in a novel and effective man ner and in which the electrodes are adjustable with respect to each other.

It will be understood that while I have illustrated my invention in connection with specific embodiments, I do not wish to be limited to such specific construction, inasmuch as in view of the disclosure, variations may readily be made without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims herein.

What I claim as new and, desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In a condenser,in combination, a vacuum container, a pair of electrodes within the container, a lead piercing the wall of the container at one point only and supported by the container at said point only, one of said electrodes being entirely supported within the container by said lead.

2. In combination, in a condenser, a vacuum container, a pair of electrodes within the container, one of said electrodes comprising two sections, one of said sections 1 being adjustable with respect to the other for varying the capacitance of the condenser.

3. In combination, in a condenser, a'vacuum container, a pair of electrodes within the container, one of said electrodes .com- 110 prising two sections, one of said sections eing adjustable with respect to the other for varying the capacitance of the condenser, an index for indicating such a variation in the capacitance of the condenser.

4. In combination, in a condenser, a vacuum container, a pair of electrodes within the container, one of said electrodes comprising two sections, one of said sections being adjustable with respect to the other for varying the capacitance of the condenser, an index for indicating variation in the capacitance of the condenser, a pair of leads each piercing the wall of the container, one of said electrodes supported entirely by one 125 of said leads and the other of said electrodes supported entirely by the other of said leads.

5. A condenser comprising a pair of electrodes, a vacuum container for said electrodes, two leading-in conductors piercing the wall of the container, each of said electrodes being entirely supported by aseparate one of said conductors, and sustaining arms for each electrode disposed about the aiiis of the supporting conductor, and a reinforcin member tyin together the arms about eac conductor or increasing the rigidity of the supporting structure, said lead being also in supporting engagement with the corresponding reinforcing member. 10 In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal this 7th day of October HENRY J. NOLTE. 

